Organic acids are acidic compounds derived from biological decomposition, including citric acid, oxalic acid, and malic acid. They can have numerous positive effects on the soil, such as enhancing crop nutrient uptake, improving soil vitality, and regulating microbial activity.
The introduction of organic acids into the soil can be managed through short-term rapid release (by directly adding organic acids) or long-term slow release (by utilizing beneficial microorganisms to secrete organic acids).
Regardless of whether they are added artificially or secreted by microorganisms, organic acids offer the following benefits:
- Activation of Phosphorus in Alkaline Soils – Organic acids help dissolve insoluble calcium phosphate and iron phosphate in the soil, making phosphorus, iron, and calcium more accessible to plant roots. They also enhance the availability of manganese, zinc, and copper, preventing precipitation when different elements mix well.
- Providing a Carbon Source for Beneficial Microorganisms – This promotes soil health by supporting microbial communities.
- Enhancing Soil Colloidal Interaction – Organic acids improve the soil’s ion exchange capacity, increasing nutrient retention and buffering ability. They also promote the formation of soil aggregates, improving soil aeration and water retention.
- Precursor to Humic Substances – Organic acids contribute to the formation of humic substances in soil organic matter and accelerate the mineralization of organic matter, enhancing the release of essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
Beyond soil applications, organic acids also play a crucial role in maintaining irrigation systems. Prolonged use of chemical fertilizers or irrigation with high-pH hard water often leads to the accumulation of carbonate and phosphate deposits, which can clog irrigation nozzles—similar to how white mineral deposits form in household showerheads, blocking water flow.
In such cases, the application of organic acids becomes essential, as they can dissolve insoluble salts in pipelines and clear clogged irrigation emitters caused by salt deposits.
Using organic acids in irrigation systems not only dissolves salt deposits and improves system efficiency but also enhances fertilizer utilization and promotes overall soil health once the acids reach the soil.
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